In a more common sense, you are talking about False Friends, pairs of words in different languages that sound similar, but really have different meanings.
In my opinion, these words make a big trouble for language learners specifically because they appear in our mind intuitively and before the proper word comes to our mind. This becomes especially evident when we have limited time for thinking (e.g., verbal communication), unlike when we have enough of time (e.g., writing a homework).
What to do?
- Understand the problem. Read the core reasons why such words arise and how they can impact our learning process. In fact, the Wikipedia article is a good start.
- Since False Friends arise in our mind intuitively (in other words, besides our mind), the normal vocabulary learning techniques do not work in this case. I saw teachers who collect humorous stories about someone who mistakenly used the wrong word and got into an embarrassing or awkward situation because of that. When the students learned the stories, they automatically arise in our mind during the conversations in the future.
I started studying English a zillion years ago, but I still remember many of these stories from my school times, like this:
In my language (Ukrainian), the word /magazin/ means "shop", usually a food store. So the story is about someone who comes to England and wants to find a food store, but forgot the proper word, asked for /magazin/, so everyone offered them magazines instead.
This will also help struggling with (semi-) homonyms in the foreign language.
Consider a story about someone who bought a ticket to a "sheep" instead of a "ship".
There are plenty of such stories available in the Internet, for every language. Google for them by using a proper term from above.